The massachusetts general hospital handbook of internal. The initial goal of treatment for any cause of hyponatremia is to increase the sodium level to improve symptoms. The treatment of hyponatremia depends on the underlying cause. Review article from the new england journal of medicine disorders of plasma sodium causes, consequences, and correction. Hyponatremia and hypernatremia are common findings in the inpatient and outpatient settings. The mdpocket resident edition is the best pocket medical reference guide for residents and interns in training or during residency. Hyperosmotic measure serum osmolality isoosmotic osmotic hyponatremia hypoosmotic hyperlipidemia mannitol hyperglycemia hyperproteinemia. In bulleted lists, tables, and algorithms, pocket medicine provides key clinical information about common problems in internal. Proper interpretation of the various laboratory tests helps to differentiate the various types of hyponatremia. Sodium disorders are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Pocket notebook pocket medicine fourth edition edited by marc s. Treatment varies with the nature of onset acute or chronic, severity and symptoms. Rosens emergency medicine concepts and clinical practice 8 ed. This pocket medicine guide includes acs and acls algorithms, ekg.
If you need a little extra room to store paper or cards, add a pocket page to your book. Dx schema hyponatremia the clinical problem solvers. Hyponatremia is an important and common clinical problem. Pdf pathophysiology of hyponatremia in children researchgate. Hyponatremia and hypernatremia are classified based on volume. Disorders of plasma sodium new england journal of medicine. Problems with this algorithm include the following. Hyponatremia oxford medicine oxford medicine online. Above is the diagnostic algorithm in harrisons principles of internal medicine. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Washington manual, epocrates, and sanford guide apps as an intern instead. In patients with severe symptomatic hyponatremia, the rate of sodium correction should be 6 to 12 meq per l in the first 24 hours and 18 meq per l or less in 48 hours.
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